MIT Scientists Say Life May Have Been Detected on Venus After All

"Life could be making its own environment on Venus."

Researchers made a huge splash last year when they announced the discovery of significant sources of phosphine in the atmosphere of Venus. The colorless and odorless gas, they claimed at the time, could be a possible sign of life, as it’s often the result of organic matter breaking down here on Earth.

The hypothesis remains a bit of a stretch: that clouds in the planet’s thick, carbon dioxide-filled atmosphere could harbor lifeforms that also happen to be resistant to the incredibly caustic droplets of sulfuric acid surrounding them.

And indeed, other scientists have also thrown cold water on the hypothesis, calling out the possibility of a processing error that throws the data itself into question.

But now, a new study is giving new life to the tantalizing theory. Sulfuric acid, MIT scientists say, could be neutralized by the presence of ammonia, which astronomers also suspect to be present in the planet’s atmosphere thanks to the Venera 8 and Pioneer Venus probe missions in the 1970s.

Ammonia would set off a long chain of chemical reactions, they say, that could turn Venus’ clouds into a hospitable place.

In short, “life could be making its own environment on Venus,” the researchers write in their paper, which was accepted into the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

“Our model therefore predicts that the clouds are more habitable than previously thought, and may be inhabited,” the researchers conclude.

The ammonia gas itself could be the result of biological processes, the authors suggest, instead of lightning or volcanic eruptions, as has been suggested in previous research.

“There are very acidic environments on Earth where life does live, but it’s nothing like the environment on Venus ­— unless life is neutralizing some of those droplets,” co-author Sara Seager, a planetary sciences professor at MIT, said in a press release.

It’s an intriguing conclusion — but nothing short of sending a probe into Venus’ atmosphere will convincingly confirm the tantalizing hypothesis.

Fortunately, both NASA and the European Space Agency are planning to send their own respective spacecraft to our closest planetary neighbor within the next ten to 15 years. So hopefully some answers will finally be on the way.